The National Museum of the Romanian Peasant is part of the European family of Folk Art and Craft Museums. It is under the patronage of the Romanian Ministry of National Culture and Identity and has an extremely rich collection of objects hosted in a historic building in neo-Romanian architecture. More than 71,000 pieces in the museum’s heritage constitute the richest collection of traditional culture in Romania. It includes pottery, folk costume, home furnishing textiles, wooden objects, furniture, ironware, dedicated pieces and religious objects. The museum also houses six wooden churches preserved in situ or on display in the exhibition.

With a mission to maintain a discussion on the peasant’s image and universe, the museum presents the profile of a generic 'peasant', a complex person who can be known only by successive views. Each view offers a different perspective on this traditional figure. Due to its original approach The National Museum of the Romanian Peasant received the European Museum of the Year Award (EMYA) in 1996.